Bloom's Taxonomy


In addition to the list of verbs included in the course outline, below please find a listing of verbs organized by specific learning outcomes*. Additional web resources with more specific examples:
  • Listing of Verbs Requiring Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Outcomes
  • Examples of Behavioral Verbs and Student Activities
  • Definitions of Behavioral Verbs for Learning Objectives
  • Bloom's Taxonomy of Cognitive Development

    Remember, students need to be able to demonstrate these skills. Lower level skills are acceptable for non-credit and basic skills courses, and the skills should progress upward with the degree level. Transferable courses need critical thinking skills.

    General Instructional Verbs
    Analyze
    Apply
    Compute
    Comprehend
    Demonstrate
    Evaluate
    Interpret
    Locate
    Perform
    Recognize
    Speak
    Translate
    Use
    Write

    "Creative" Verbs
    Alter
    Change
    Design
    Generalize
    Modify
    Paraphrase
    Predict
    Question
    Rearrange
    Recombine
    Reconstruct
    Regroup
    Rename
    Reorganize
    Reorder
    Rephrase
    Restate
    Restructure
    Retell
    Revise
    Rewrite
    Simplify
    Synthesize
    Systematize
    Vary

    Complex, Logical, Judgmental Behaviors
    Analyze
    Appraise
    Combine
    Compare
    Conclude
    Contrast
    Criticize
    Decide
    Deduce
    Defend
    Evaluate
    Explain
    Formulate
    Generate
    Induce
    Infer
    Plan
    Structure
    Substitute

    General Discriminative Behaviors
    Choose
    Collect
    Define
    Describe
    Detect
    Differentiate
    Discriminate
    Distinguish
    Identify
    Indicate
    Isolate
    List
    Match
    Omit
    Order
    Pick
    Place
    Point
    Select
    Separate

    Social Behaviors
    Accept
    Agree
    Aid
    Allow
    Answer
    Argue
    Communicate
    Compliment
    Contribute
    Cooperate
    Dance
    Disagree
    Discuss
    Excuse
    Forgive
    Greet
    Help
    Interact
    Invite
    Join
    Laugh
    Meet
    Participate
    Permit
    Praise
    React
    Smile
    Talk
    Thank
    Volunteer

    Language Behaviors
    Abbreviate
    Accent
    Alphabetize
    Articulate
    Call
    Capitalize
    Edit
    Hyphenate
    Indent
    Outline
    Print
    Pronounce
    Punctuate
    Read
    Recite
    Say
    Sign
    Speak
    Spell
    State
    Summarize
    Syllabify
    Tell
    Translate
    Verbalize
    Whisper
    Write

    "Study" Behaviors
    Arrange
    Categorize
    Chart
    Cite
    Circle
    Compile
    Copy
    Diagram
    Find
    Follow
    Itemize
    Label
    Locate
    Look
    Map
    Mark
    Name
    Note
    Organize
    Quote
    Record
    Reproduce
    Search
    Sort
    Underline

    Music Behaviors
    Blow
    Bow
    Clap
    Compose
    Finger
    Harmonize
    Hum
    Mute
    Play
    Pluck
    Practice
    Sing
    Strum
    Tap
    Whistle

    Physical Behaviors
    Arch
    Bat
    Bend
    Carry
    Catch
    Chase
    Climb
    Face
    Float
    Grab
    Grasp
    Grip
    Hit
    Hop
    Jump
    Kick
    Knock
    Lift
    March
    Pitch
    Pull
    Push
    Run
    Skate
    Ski
    Skip
    Somersault
    Stand
    Step
    Stretch
    Swim
    Swing
    Throw
    Toss
    Walk

    Arts Behaviors
    Assemble
    Blend
    Brush
    Build
    Carve
    Color
    Construct
    Cut
    Dab
    Dot
    Draw
    Drill
    Fold
    Form
    Frame
    Hammer
    Handle
    Heat
    Illustrate
    Melt
    Mix
    Mold
    Nail
    Paint
    Paste
    Pat
    Pour
    Press
    Roll
    Rub
    Sand
    Saw
    Sculpt
    Shake
    Sketch
    Smooth
    Stamp
    Stick
    Stir
    Trace
    Trim
    Varnish
    Wipe
    Wrap

    Drama Behaviors
    Act
    Clasp
    Cross
    Direct
    Display
    Emit
    Enter
    Exit
    Express
    Leave
    Move
    Pantomime
    Pass
    Perform
    Proceed
    Respond
    Show
    Sit
    Start
    Turn

    Mathematical Behaviors
    Add
    Bisect
    Calculate
    Check
    Compute
    Count
    Derive
    Divide
    Estimate
    Extrapolate
    Extract
    Graph
    Group
    Integrate
    Interpolate
    Measure
    Multiply
    Number
    Plot
    Prove
    Reduce
    Solve
    Square
    Subtract
    Tabulate
    Tally
    Verify

    Laboratory Science Behaviors
    Apply
    Calibrate
    Conduct
    Connect
    Convert
    Decrease
    Demonstrate
    Dissect
    Feed
    Grow
    Increase
    Insert
    Keep
    Lengthen
    Limit
    Manipulate
    Operate
    Plant
    Prepare
    Remove
    Replace
    Report
    Reset
    Set
    Specify
    Straighten
    Time
    Transfer
    Weigh

    *A modify list based on work done by Calvin K. Claus in a paper presented at the National Council on Measureent in Education (Chicago: February 1968).

    Revised 9/20/2003